Nitai: "The material miseries of the living entity, which are superfluous to him, can be directly mitigated by the linking process of devotional service. But the mass of people do not know this, and therefore the learned Vyasadeva compiled this Vedic literature, which is in relation to the Supreme Truth."
Prabhupada:
anarthopasamam saksad
bhakti-yogam adhoksaje
lokasyajanato vidvams
cakre satvata-samhitam
Satvata means eternal, and samhita means Vedic literature. Vedic literature... Veda means knowledge. There are two kinds of knowledge: material knowledge and spiritual knowledge. Material knowledge means regarding these necessities of this body. So our educational system, the university, everything, that is simply imparting material knowledge. But material knowledge is superfluous because this body is also superfluous. Every one of us, we know that this body is nonpermanent. It is temporary. We create a certain type of situation, and we get a particular type of body, and we enjoy or suffer. There is no question of enjoyment; it is suffering. Just like we are running on this fan because the body is suffering. Otherwise, there is no necessity of this fan. And we require this light because without light the eyes will suffer.
So actually our material knowledge, we have discovered this electricity just to counteract these sufferings of this material body. Kastan kaman. This body is therefore anartha. Anartha means things which are not required. That is called anartha. Artha means things which we require, positive. And anartha means things which we do not require but unnecessarily imposed upon us. So that is suffering. We are thinking that we are enjoying this electric fan, but actually we are suffering; therefore the electric fan is required. So why this electric fan is required? Because the body is anartha; it has created the situation. The same electric fan will be a trouble, a misery in winter season. The same body, the same electric fan -- sometimes it is pleasing, and sometimes it is not pleasing. Therefore the conclusion is this body is anartha, not required. But people do not know that without this material body we can exist. Actually we are existing in spiritual body, and this material body is a covering of the spiritual body. Just like your shirt and coat are covering of your real body, similarly, this material body is covering of the spiritual body. We have got our spiritual body. So when a person comes to the understanding that "This body is anartha, unnecessarily imposed upon me," that is called knowledge. That is called brahma-jnana. Brahma-bhutah prasannatma [Bg. 18.54].
So in order to educate people to this understanding... That is the basic principle of all Vedic knowledge, that "I am not this body. I am spirit soul, and I must find out the ultimate goal of the spiritual body or the spirit soul." So some of the transcendentalists, they think that if the spirit soul is merged into the Supreme Soul -- that is called brahma-lina(?), to become one with Brahman -- that is the solution of this anartha. Anartha means this body. And some of them, they think that with our spiritual body, spiritual vision, if we can observe continuously the Supreme Spirit, Paramatma, then that is the solution of anartha. That is the yogi. Jnani, yogi. And the karmis, those who have no knowledge, ajanatah, fools, rascals... Ajanatah means one who does not know. That is the karmis. Karmis, they think that "If I can satisfy the senses of this body, that is perfection of life." So there are three kinds of philosophers to make the solution of this unwanted material body, anartha. But actual solution is to remain in your spiritual body and meet the Supreme Personality of Godhead face to face and live with Him in eternal, blissful life of knowledge. That is Vaisnava philosophy.
The Mayavadi philosophy or the jnanis and yogis and karmis... Try to understand. The karmis want to enjoy the senses of this body. Because the body is anartha, therefore sense gratification is another anartha. Because in this body you are enjoying certain type or certain grade of material enjoyment, sense gratification, and if you want more than that... Just like there are prescription, menu, of human food: vegetable, rice, wheat, sugar. This is actually the food for the human being. But if one hasn't got restriction within the area of the allotted foodstuff... Because we have to accept allotted foodstuff. Everything is food, but the human being has got an allotted foodstuff by the Supreme Lord. Eko yo bahunam vidadhati kaman. That Supreme Personality of Godhead is supplying everyone foodstuff. But not that the dogs' and hogs' foodstuff is the same for the human kind, no. Tena tyaktena bhunjitha. You should enjoy as it is allotted by the Supreme Lord. So if we transgress this law... Our constitutional position, anatomical fittings, is to eat fruit, vegetable, rice, wheat, milk or milk product. This is our constitutional position. But if we imitate the cats and dog, without any discrimination, if we eat, then my next body is ready, the hog's body or the dog's body. This is natural law. Karanam guna-sango 'sya sad-asad-janma-yonisu. As you associate with different types of material modes of nature, then you get the next body accordingly. Therefore on the whole, the body, either human body or demigod's body or cat's body or dog's body or tree's body or plant's body, it is unnecessary. Unnecessarily we have accepted this material body. Because our position is not this body. Na hanyate hanyamane sarire [Bg. 2.20]. We are losing every time a particular type of body. But I am eternal. But people are so foolish, so rascal, they do not understand that "If I am eternal, why I have to change my body?" This is intelligence.
So that intelligence is there. Here it is said, lokasya ajanatah. The rascals, the fools, ajanatah, foolish... Ajanatah is another meaning of foolish. Ajanatah, ajnana, without any knowledge how we can stop this perpetual... Not perpetual, but at least for the time being, why we are subjected to these anartha? This is the enquiry. This is called brahma-jijnasa. But they do not know it. Ask anybody of this material world that "What is the cause of your suffering?" They cannot explain; they do not know it. Therefore it is particularly mentioned, ajanatah: "They do not know how to mitigate this suffering." Therefore vidvan. Vidvan, one who has got full knowledge, Vyasadeva, he has made this satvata-samhitam. Samhita means Vedic knowledge, and satvata means pure, completely pure, or for the Vaisnavas or the perfect spiritualists. Lokasya ajanatah vidvams cakre satvata-samhitam. How we can utilize this Srimad-Bhagavatam, satvata-samhita? That is also explained in the next verse,
yasyam vai sruyamanayam
krsne parama-puruse
bhaktir utpadyate pumsah
soka-moha-bhayapaha
Soka-moha-bhaya, these things are our constant companions. Soka. Soka means lamenting, and moha means illusion. And bhaya, bhaya means fearfulness. So we are embarrassed with these things always: soka, moha and bhaya. Soka: we are always lamenting, "This thing I have lost. I have lost this business. I have lost my son. I have lost...," so many. Because it is, after all, a losing business. To exist in this material world means it is a losing business. There will be no profit. Therefore whatever we are working for, searching after, real happiness, if it is not devotional service, then the Bhagavata says, srama eva hi kevalam: "Simply working for nothing, and the gain is labor."
So people are suffering in this way. Although they do not know, they are taking it as enjoying. That is illusion. Moha, that is called moha. So we are in the soka, always in lamentation. But we are accepting this soka position as enjoyable. Soka-moha. And the result is that we are always fearful. Bhayam dvitiyabhinivesatah syat. This bhayam... That is the material nature: eating, sleeping, sex life and bhayam. Ahara-nidra-bhaya-maithunam ca. This is the bodily business: eating, sleeping, sex life and always fearful, "What will happen next? What will happen next?" These are the anarthas. Actually we are part and parcel of the sac-cid-ananda-vigrahah: [Bs. 5.1] eternal, sat; full of knowledge, sat-cit; and bliss, ananda, pleasure. This is our life. But this is not our life -- eating, sleeping, mating and bhayam. These things are required only dvitiyabhinivesatah syat, when we identify with the dvitiya, means the second. Second means I am not this body, but the body is the second feature. So when I identify myself with this body, that is called dvitiyabhinivesatah. And on account of our thoughts being absorbed in the secondary body, we are suffering.
So if we want to get relief from the suffering, then it is recommended, yasyam vai sruyamanayam. If we regularly hear Srimad-Bhagavatam, this satvata-samhita,... Yasyam vai sruyamanayam. Sruyamana means simply hearing, sravanam. Then, by hearing, what will be the effect? The effect will be krsne parama-puruse, krsne parama-puruse bhaktir utpadyate: "The Supreme Person, Krsna, unto Him your devotional service will be increased." Because anartha upasamam saksad bhakti-yogam adhoksaje. The remedy has been described that if you be engaged in the devotional service of Adhoksaja... Adhoksaja means the Supreme Person who is beyond your material experience. That is called adhoksaja. Aksaja means material, and adhah-krta, where material knowledge fails, that is called adhoksaja. So if you be engaged in devotional service upon this Adhoksaja... And who is that Adhoksaja? That is Krsna. Krsna you cannot understand by the material knowledge. They are studying Krsna with material knowledge, but it is not possible. That is said by Krsna Himself in the Bhagavad-gita, that yogamaya-samavrtah. Naham prakasah sarvasya yogamaya-samavrtah: [Bg. 7.25] "I am not exposed to everyone because the yogamaya is covering their eyes." In another place Krsna says, avajananti mam mudha manusim tanum asritam: [Bg. 9.11] "Because I have come here to favor these people of this world..." These rascals, mudha... Mudha means rascal. They are deriding. They are thinking Krsna as one of us. Therefore Krsna is adhoksaja. If you want to see Krsna by your material speculation, you will never be able to see Krsna. Yogamaya-samavrtah.
But one may say that "I can see Krsna by my pious activities." No, that also not possible. "I can see Krsna by my philosophical speculation." No, that is also not possible. "I can see Krsna by practicing yoga." That is also not possible. Then how it is possible? Krsna says, bhaktya mam abhijanati [Bg. 18.55]. This particular process you have to accept, bhaktya. That is called bhakti-yogam adhoksaje. Everything is there symmetrically in every Vedic literature. We have to take advantage of it and benefit ourself. So the summary is that Krsna is beyond your material experimental knowledge. You cannot understand Krsna by these material senses. It is not possible. Then bhakti-yoga. Bhakti-yoga. Bhakti means to engage oneself in the service. The more you engage in the service of the Lord, (the) more you realize what is Krsna. Otherwise, it is not possible. If you don't accept bhakti-yoga, if you accept jnana-yoga, karma-yoga or hatha-yoga, then you can make some material progress, but there is no possibility of understanding Krsna. Therefore it is recommended here the bhakti-yogam particularly. Everywhere it is made, bhakti-yoga. Bhaktya mam abhijanati yavan yas casmi tattvatah [Bg. 18.55].
So the Srimad-Bhagavatam is further explanation of the knowledge given in the Bhagavad-gita. So it is recommended also that we have to hear Srimad-Bhagavatam always, twenty-four hours. Not that bhagavata-saptaha. It is a business. Bhagavata-saptaha is not recommended in anywhere in authorized scripture. There are many big, big commentators of Srimad-Bhagavatam. Sridhara Svami, Viraraghavacarya, Visvanatha Cakravarti, Jiva Gosvami and many other. There are eight authorized. Nowhere you will find bhagavata-saptaha is recommended. No. Bhagavata should be studied every day. Nityam bhagavata-sevaya. That is recommended. Nasta-prayesv abhadresu nityam bhagavata-sevaya [SB 1.2.18]. Nityam. Nityam means always, at least daily. So these temples are meant for hearing Srimad-Bhagavatam daily. That is wanted. Not that I make a ceremony, I hear for one week. Without understanding a word of Bhagavata, I hear for one week, and the business is finished -- no. You have to hear Srimad-Bhagavatam daily, regularly. Then anartha upasamam saksat. This satvata-samhita is given by Srila Vyasadeva so that... We are fools, rascal, ajanatah, ajanatah. Lokasya ajanatah. All these fools and rascals, if they hear with great attention from Srimad-Bhagavatam about the activities and glories of Krsna... Yasyam vai sruyamanayam krsne parama-puruse. He is the parama-purusa. That is the verdict of all Vedic literature. Isvarah paramah krsnah [Bs. 5.1]. He is isvara, parama-purusa, the Supreme Person. Isvara means the Supreme Person. In the English dictionary also it is said "God means the Supreme Person." God means the Supreme Person. So that Supreme Person is Krsna, and Krsna says in the Bhagavad-gita, mattah parataram nanyat: [Bg. 7.7] "There is no more superior authority than Me." But people do not understand, because ajanatah. Ajanatah means without any knowledge.
So we have to take knowledge from Bhagavad-gita or Srimad-Bhagavatam about Krsna. Krsne parama-puruse bhaktir utpadyate. If you hear Srimad-Bhagavatam... Of course, if you do not understand what is the basic principle of Krsna or basic principle of perfection... That is stated in the Srimad-Bhagavatam in the beginning. Dharmah projjhita-kaitavah atra paramo nirmatsaranam. Here in the Srimad-Bhagavatam the so-called manufactured religious system is kicked out. It is meant for the paramahamsa. Nirmatsaranam. Nirmatsara means one who does not become envious. So our enviousness, our envy has begun from Krsna. We don't accept Krsna. Mostly they will say, "Why Krsna should be only the Supreme Person? There are many others." That is envy. So our enviousness has begun from Krsna, and therefore it has expanded in so many ways. And in our ordinary life we are envious. We are envious of our friends, envious of our father, our son even, what to speak of others -- businessmen, nation, society, community, only enviousness. Matsarata. "Why he should go ahead?" I become envious. This is material nature.
So when one understands Krsna, he is Krsna conscious, he becomes nonenvious, no more envious. He wants to become friend. Suhrdah sarva-bhutanam. So this Krsna consciousness movement means we want to become friends of everyone. Because they are suffering without Krsna consciousness, we are going door to door, city to city, village to village, town to town to preach this Krsna consciousness. And by the grace of Krsna we are attracting the attention of intelligent class of men. So if we continue this process, not to become envious... That is animal nature, dog's nature, hog's nature. Human nature should be para-duhkha-duhkhi. One should be very unhappy by seeing others in miserable condition. So everyone is suffering for want of Krsna consciousness. Our only business is to awaken his Krsna consciousness, and the whole world will be happy. Anartha upasamam saksad bhakti-yogam adhoksaje, lokasya ajanatah. People have no knowledge about it. So we have to push on this movement. Lokasyajan..., vidvams cakre satvata-samhitam. Srimad-Bhagavatam. So another name of Krsna consciousness movement is bhagavata-dharma. Bhagavata-dharma. If we accept it, then the whole human society will be happy.
Thank you very much. (end)
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